Приложение. Важнейшие единицы ионизирующих излучений

|                                   |                                                    | Наименование   | Обозначения                         |                                     |

| Величина                    | Определение величины               | и размерность   |----------------------------------------------| Содержит единиц СИ    |

|                                   |                                                    |                          | русское     | международное |                                     |

|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

| Активность нуклида в | Число актов распада данного      | секунда в       | с‑1              | s‑1                     |                                     |

| радиоактивном           | нуклида, происходящих в           | минус первой |                  |                          |                                     |

| источнике                   | единицу времени в                      | степени (Т‑1)    |                  |                          |                                     |

| (активность изотопа)   | радиоактивном излучателе          |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|                                   |                                                    | распад в           | расп/сек    | s‑1                     | 1 расп/сек = 1 с‑1          |

|                                   |                                                    | секунду            |                  |                          |                                     |

|                                   |                                                    |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|                                   |                                                    | кюри*                | Ки (кюри)   | Ci                      | 1 кюри = 3,7∙1010c‑1       |

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| Поглощенная доза      | Энергия любого ионизирующего  | джоуль на       | Дж/кг или   | J/kg или Gy       |                                     |

| излучения (доза          | излучения, поглощенная             | килограмм      | Гй (Гр)       |                          |                                     |

| излучения),                 | единицей массы облученного      | или грей (L2T‑3) |                  |                          |                                     |

| эквивалентная доза    | вещества (объекта)                     |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

| излучения, керма        |                                                    | эрг на грамм     | эрг/г          | erg/g                  | 1 эрг/г = 10‑4 Дж/кг        |

|                                   |                                                    |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|                                   |                                                    | рад*                  | рад            | rad                    | 1 рад = 10‑2 Дж/кг         |

|                                   |                                                    |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|                                   |                                                    | бэр*                  | бэр            | rem                   | 1 бэр = 10‑2 Дж/кг          |

|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

| Мощность                  | Доза излучения, поглощенная в  | ватт на            | Вт/кг или    | W/kg или Gy/s   |                                     |

| поглощенной дозы      | единицу времени                        | килограмм      | Гй/с (Гр/с)  |                          |                                     |

| излучения (мощность  |                                                   | или грей в        |                  |                          |                                     |

| дозы излучения),        |                                                    | секунду (L2T‑3) |                  |                          |                                     |

| мощность                   |                                                    |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

| эквивалентной дозы   |                                                    | эрг в секунду    | эрг/(с∙г)     | erg/(s∙g)             | 1 эрг/(с∙г) = 10‑4 Вт/кг    |

| излучения, мощность  |                                                   | на грамм           |                  |                          |                                     |

| кермы                         |                                                    |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|                                   |                                                    | рад в секунду*  | рад/сек      | rad/s                  | 1 рад/сек = 10‑2 Вт/кг = |

|                                   |                                                    |                          |                  |                          | 10‑2 Дж/(с∙кг)                 |

|                                   |                                                    |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|                                   |                                                    | рад в час*         | рад/час      | rad/h                  | 1 рад/час = 2,78∙10‑6     |

|                                   |                                                    |                          |                  |                          | Вт/кг                             |

|                                   |                                                    |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|                                   |                                                    | бэр в секунду*  | бэр/сек      | rem/s                 | 1 бэр/сек = 10‑2 Вт/кг    |

|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

| Экспозиционная доза  | Количественная характеристика  | кулон на          | Кл/кг          | C/kg                  |                                     |

| фотонного излучения  | рентгеновского и гамма-              | килограмм      |                  |                          |                                     |

| (экспозиционная доза | излучений, основанная на их       | (М‑1TI)               |                  |                          |                                     |

| рентгеновского и        | ионизирующем действии в          |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

| гамма-излучения)       | сухом атмосферном воздухе и   |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

|                                   | выраженная отношением             |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

|                                   | суммарного электрического        |---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

|                                   | заряда ионов одного знака,         | рентген*            | Р (р)          | R                       | 1 P = 2,5797∙10‑4 Кл/кг  |

|                                   | образованного излучением,         |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

|                                   | поглощенным в некоторой массе |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

|                                   | воздуха, к этой массе                 |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

|                                   |                                                    |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

|                                   |                                                    |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

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| Поток энергии             |                                                    | ватт (L2МТ‑3)    | Вт (вт)       | W                      |                                     |

| ионизирующего          |                                                    |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

| излучения                   |                                                    |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

| Энергия                      |                                                    | джоуль            | Дж             | J                       |                                     |

| ионизирующего          |                                                    | (L2МТ‑2)             |                  |                          |                                     |

| излучения                   |                                                    |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

| Интенсивность           | Энергия ионизирующего              | ватт на            | Вт/м2         | W/m2                 |                                     |

| ионизирующего          | излучения, падающего в             | квадратный    |                  |                          |                                     |

| излучения                   | единицу времени на                    | метр (МТ‑3)       |                  |                          |                                     |

| (интенсивность           | поверхность элементарной         |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

| излучения)                  | сферы, отнесенной к единице     |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

|                                   | площади поперечного сечения    |                          |                  |                          |                                     |

|                                   | этой сферы                                 |                          |                  |                          |                                     |